OBD-II CODE / Cooling
P0128 · Coolant below thermostat regulating temperature
The engine coolant warmed more slowly or stayed cooler than the computer expected for the conditions.
Look at the warm-up curve
A stuck-open thermostat is one possibility. Ask whether the coolant temperature reading made sense at a cold start and how it changed as the engine warmed. Coolant level and temperature-sensor readings can change the diagnosis.
If the car is overheating
Treat a high-temperature warning or visible steam as a separate urgent symptom. Pull over safely and follow the owner’s manual. Leave the pressurized cooling system closed while it is hot.
A vehicle-specific example
Stellantis STAR case S2118000009 describes checking the coolant temperature sensor before replacing the thermostat when the initial cooling-system checks find no issue. Match the test procedure to the vehicle.